ANÁLISE SÓCIO-OCUPACIONAL DA ESTRTURA INTRA-URBANA DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE FORTALEZA (analysis of social occupational of intra-urban structure of the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza)
Abstract
No sentido de compreender o espaço metropolitano em sua totalidade, apresenta-se aqui a região metropolitana de Fortaleza em sua estrutura intra-urbana, cujo processo de crescimento tem sido pautado pela desigualdade na distribuição de riqueza e pela forma concentrada na alocação de recursos em infra-estrutura. Em seus procedimentos metodológicos, realiza-se leitura da distribuição espacial de suas categorias sócioocupacionais segundo os dados da amostra do censo IBGE 2000, em seus percentuais e suas densidades, associadas às recentes transformações da sua estrutura produtiva marcadas pela redistribuição espacial das áreas industriais, pelas novas formas assumidas pelo setor terciário e pelas intervenções urbanas de suporte ao turismo e ao setor imobiliário. Subdividido em sete tipologias sócio-espaciais hierarquicamente definidas, torna-se possível reconhecer as compatibilidades e os conflitos sócio-ocupacionais presentes nas mesmas, assim como a heterogeneidade de alguns tipos sócio-espaciais da metrópole e a predominância de determinadas categorias ocupacionais sobre outras. Disto decorre um espaço metropolitano bastante complexo, revelador de processos de segregação, exclusão e segmentação social, comprovados pelas disparidades sociais, refletindo o atual quadro de fragmentação sócio-espacial.
Palavras-chaves: metrópole, segregação, desigualdades sócio-espaciais.
ABSTRACT
In order to comprehend the metropolis in its totality, the metropolitan region of Fortaleza is presented in its intraurban structure, which growth process has been pointed by unequal distribution of wealth and concentrated allocation of financial resources in infra-structure. Considering its methodological procedures, this article includes the analysis of spatial distribution of the different social-occupational categories, according to the data of the demographic census of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (percentiles and densities), associated to recent changes and trends of the productive structure such as: the spatial re-distribution of industries; the new forms of the tertiary sector; the urban interventions promoted by the tourism, the land market and the building sector. Shared into seven social-spatial typologies, hierarchically defined, it is possible to recognize their social-occupational compatibilities and conflicts, as well as the heterogeneity of some social-spatial types and the predominance of determined social-occupational categories over others. Thus, it results in a very complex metropolitan space revealing segregation, segmentation and social exclusion, confirmed by the social disparities which reflect the existing social-spatial fragmentation.
Key-words:metropolis, segregation, social-spatial disparities.
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