TURISMO E MUNDIALIZAÇÃO: rumo a uma disneylandização universal? (tourism and globalization: heading for universal “disneylandization”?)
Abstract
A evolução da demanda turística em produtos individualizados, em contraposição ao turismo de massa dos anos 1960, e a recusa do turista em ser considerado precisamente como turista, induziu novas formas de usos turísticos e criou novos lugares turísticos. Trata-se de procurar no turista a mudança e o exotismo que ele procura. Tem-se como resultado uma « disneylandização » dos territórios e das culturas, em outros termos, sua redução a arquétipos. Este processo, aparentemente chocante é, no entanto, o que lhe permite garantir sua existência, com sua especificidade, face à mundialização.
Palavras chave: Turismo, Mundialização, Disneylandização.
RÉSUMÉ
L’évolution de la demande touristique vers des produits de plus en plus individualisés, en réaction contre le tourisme de masse des années 60, et le refus du touriste d’être considéré précisément comme un touriste ont induit de nouvelles formes d’usage touristique et créé de nouveaux lieux du tourisme. Il s’agit de procurer au touriste le dépaysement et l’exotisme qu’il recherche. Il en résulte une « disneylandisation » des territoires et des cultures, c’est-à-dire leur réduction à des archétypes. Ce processus qui peut paraître choquant est pourtant ce qui leur permet de continuer à exister, avec leur spécificité, dans la mondialisation.
Mots clés: Tourisme, Mondialisation, Disneylandisation.
ABSTRACT
The evolution of tourism demand in individual merchandise as opposed to the mass tourism of the 1960s, and the tourist refusal to be considered just as a tourist, induced new forms of tourist practices and created new tourism places. In this regard, it must seek in the tourist himself the changing and the exoticism he is looking for. Accordingly, we have the “disneylandization” of the territories and cultures, in other words, their reduction in to archetypes. This process seems to be shocking, however, is the reason to keep its existence in this global world.
Key words: Tourism, “disneylandization”.
DOI: 10.4215/RM2009.0815.0001
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