ESTUDO FITOECOLÓGICO DA MATA CILIAR NAS SUB-BACIAS DOS RIACHOS CIPÓ E CARRAPATEIRAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE TAUÁ – CE (phytoecological study of the gallery forest in the sub basis water shet of cipó and carrapateiras streams in the municipality of Tauá/Ceará)
Abstract
As sub-bacias dos riachos Cipó e Carrapateiras estão inseridas nos Distritos de Barra Nova e Carrapateiras, localizadas no Município de Tauá – CE. Essas sub-bacias, integrantes do sistema Jaguaribe, estão situadas em uma das áreas mais degradadas do Município de Tauá, Sertão dos Inhamuns, de acordo com o projeto WAVES. O Município possui 1.906,3 km² de áreas degradadas suscetíveis à desertificação, o que representa 44,3% da área municipal. É caracterizada, segundo os índices estabelecidos pela ONU, como área semi-árida com alto índice crítico (0,4). Em virtude, da mata ciliar apresentar-se seriamente ameaçada pelo uso desordenado do solo, faz-se necessário a realização de estudos especializados, como composição florística e estrutura da comunidade. Visa-se com isso, o estado atual da comunidade vegetal, direcionada ao seu aproveitamento racional e sustentabilidade ambiental. Deste modo, a pesquisa preconiza a análise do ecossistema mata ciliar dos riachos Cipó e Carrapateiras, de modo a obter indicadores de degradação ambiental, através dos efeitos das atividades agropecuárias e do extrativismo vegetal. Os estudos fitossociológicos apontaram diferenciações bastante significativas entre as duas áreas amostrais, onde a mata do riacho Cipó se apresenta mais conservada com exemplares de mata ciliar, enquanto que a mata do riacho Carrapateiras expõe evidente descaracterização fisionômica e florística em função da forte ação antrópica.
Palavra-Chaves: Fitoecologia, Mata Ciliar, Degradação.
ABSTRACT
The sub-basins of the Cipó and Carrapateira belong to the districts of Barra Nova and Carrapateira which are part of the municipality of Tauá in Ceará State, Brazil. These subbasins are situated in one of the most degraded areas in Tauá, according to studies of the WAVES Project. The municipality of Tauá has 1,906.3 km² of degraded areas susceptible to desertification, what represents 44.3% of the municipal area, being characterized, according to the indexes established by the United Nations Organization, as a semi-arid area with a high critical index (0.4), what expresses the fragility of the dry lands. Because the forest boardering river is seriously threatened by the inadequate soil use, there is a need of detailed studies, such as floristic composition and structure of the community, to check the plant community’s condition in its current state in order to enable its rational use and sustainability in view of the unbalance in which it is. This way, the research had the following main objective that is to analyze the ecosystem of the forest boardering river of the These sub-basins Cipó and Carrapateiras, in order to obtain indicators of environmental degradation by checking the effects of agricultural activities and of the vegetable extractivism on the conditions of the potential communities of that vegetation conditions, combining those activities with other environmental factors. The phytosociological studies showed significant differences between the two sample areas, in which the forest of the brook Cipó was more conserved with specimen of the ciliary forest, while the forest of the brook Carrapateiras totally is completely characterized because of the high anthropic action.
Words-Key: Phytoecology, Gallery forest, Degradation.
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