MONITORAMENTO DE SECAS NA BRETANHA: reconstituição histórica e abordagem por teledetecção (droughts monitoring in Britain: historical reconstruction and remote sensing approach)
Abstract
A Bretanha, como a maior parte de outras regiões francesas, sofre ocasionalmente com secas de duração e intensidade variaveis. O objetivo deste estudo é de analisar o impacto das secas sobre os recursos hídricos e sua evolução à partir do século XIX. Foi utilisado um modelo de balanço hídrico adaptado para escala regional para diversas estações na Bretanha (Rennes, Plougonvelin, Nantes, etc.). A deficiência da evaporação calculada em escala temporal mensal destaca a variabilidade espaço-temporal da seca. Em escala temporal anual, é observada uma leve intensificação que resulta essencialmente do aumento do déficit no mês de agosto, no fim do verão. A utilisação dos dados do índice de vegetação (NDVI) derivados das imagens SPOT-Vegetation permete estabelecer a extensão horizontal deste fenômeno. Análises para o ano de 2003 (ano da última grande seca na França Ocidental) mostraram uma boa relação entre o NDVI e a evapotranspiração, entretanto os efeitos bidirecionais, os angulos de visada, bem como os algoritmos utilisados podem afetar significativamente os valores do NDVI.Palavras-chave: Seca, mudanças climáticas, NDVI, NOAA-AVHRR, Bretanha.
ABSTRACT
Brittany, as many French territories, experiences sometimes drought issues which can vary in intensity and duration. The aim of this study is to determine the impacts of droughts on soil water resources since the early XIXth century. Thus, a soil water balance suited to regional scales was used and applied to different cities of Brittany and surroundings such as Rennes, Plougonvelin and Nantes. The evaporation deficiency obtained at a monthly scale revealed droughts intensity and inter-annual variability. At a yearly scale a positive tendency of the deficiency was noticed. At a monthly scale the inter-annual variability was clearly shown and revealed a 4-year period rhythm with soils lacking of water for one summer month. Finally, we used the NDVI calculated from SPOT-Vegetation images for monitoring the spatial extent of drought in Brittany. For 2003 (the last great drought observed in western France), we found a good relationship between the NDVI and the evapotranspiration but bidirectional reflectance effects, angular values and compositing’s procedures may also have a great impact on observed values of NDVI.
Key words:Drought, global climate change, NDVI, NOAA-AVHRR, Brittany.
RÉSUMÉ
La Bretagne, comme la plupart des autres régions françaises, est touchée par des sécheresses dont la durée et l’intensité sont variables. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’impact des sécheresses sur les ressources en eau et leur évolution depuis le XIXe Siècle. Un bilan de l’eau est ainsi calculé à l’échelle de la Région pour plusieurs stations (Rennes, Plougonvelin, Nantes,…). La déficience d’évaporation calculée au pas de temps mensuel souligne la variabilité spatio-temporelle de la sécheresse. A l’échelle annuelle, une légère augmentation apparaît qui résulte essentiellement de l’aggravation du déficit lors du mois d’août, à la fin de l’été. L’utilisation des données d’indices de végétation (NDVI) calculés sur les images NOAA-AVHRR et SPOT-Vegetation permettent de préciser l’extension spatiale de ce phénomène. Pour l’année 2003 (la dernière grande sécheresse qu’a connue la France de l’Ouest), nous avons trouvé une bonne relation entre le NDVI et l’évapotranspiration mais, les effets bidirectionnels, les angles de visées ainsi que les algorithmes utilisés peuvent aussi avoir un fort impact sur les valeurs de NDVI.
Mots-clé: Sécheresse, NDVI, NOAA-AVHRR, Bretanha.
DOI: 10.4215/RM2010.0901.007
How to Cite
DUBREUIL, Vincent et al.
MONITORAMENTO DE SECAS NA BRETANHA: reconstituição histórica e abordagem por teledetecção (droughts monitoring in Britain: historical reconstruction and remote sensing approach).
Mercator, Fortaleza, v. 9, n. 1, p. 107 a 119, jan. 2011.
ISSN 1984-2201.
Available at: <http://www.mercator.ufc.br/mercator/article/view/536>. Date accessed: 22 mar. 2025.
Section
ARTICLES
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant MERCATOR the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Free Access).
- Authors are responsible for the content of the manuscript published in the journal.