COOPERAÇÃO INTERMUNICIPAL NA FRANÇA E NO BRASIL EM PERSPECTIVA COMPARADA (the inter-municipal cooperation in France and Brazil in comparative perspective)
Abstract
O presente estudo aborda as práticas de cooperação intermunicipal que se desenvolvem na França e no Brasil. Argumenta-se sobre a importância do método comparativo em Geografia, visando-se ampliar a reflexão sobre os entraves e as possibilidades de ação nas escalas de gestão local em dois modelos de Estados distintos: o modelo unitário e descentralizado francês e o modelo federal brasileiro. Em um primeiro momento, discute-se o processo de descentralização e as diferenças institucionais entre comunas francesas e municípios brasileiros. A análise se desenvolve nas escalas locais, a partir de informações reunidas durante a realização de entrevistas de campo na região Rhône-Alpes (França) e no estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Problemáticas que se apresentam nos dois países são enfim discutidas. O objetivo é o de valorizar o método comparativo, ampliando-se o debate sobre o fortalecimento das estruturas de gestão local e as possibilidades de desenvolvimento de práticas de cooperação intermunicipal em dois modelos de Estado distintos.
Palavras-Chave: Cooperação, Municípios, Território, Descentralização, Comparação.
ABSTRACT
This text discusses a set of issues concerning the processes of inter-municipal cooperation developing in France and in Brazil. On the one hand, it brings back some conclusions explored during the realization of surveys made in the region of Rhône-Alpes, in France, and in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On the other hand, it examines the influence of the organization of the French and Brazilian States in order to comprehend the particularities of cooperative practices between municipalities in both countries. The objective is to valorise the comparative method, thus expanding the debate about the strengthening of local management structures and the different possibilities of inter-municipal cooperation within two distinct State models.
Key words: Cooperation, Municipality, Territory, Decentralization, Comparison.
RÉSUMÉ
Ce texte porte sur un ensemble de problématiques concernant les processus de coopération intercommunale qui se développe en France et au Brésil. D’une part, il s’agit de revenir sur quelques conclusions du terrain réalisé dans la Région Rhône-Alpes, en France, et dans l’Etat fédéré de Rio de Janeiro, au Brésil. D’autre part, nous nous interrogeons sur l’influence des armatures institutionnelles de l’Etat français et de l’Etat brésilien pour comprendre les particularités de la pratique coopérative entre communes dans ces deux pays. L’objectif est de valoriser la méthode comparée dans le débat sur le renforcement des échelons locaux de gestion et les manières différentes de concevoir la coopération intercommunale dans deux modèles d’Etat fort différents.
Mots-clés: Cooperation, Municipes, Territoire, Decentralisation, Comparaison.
DOI:10.4215/RM2011.1023.0002
Keywords
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