GEOMORFOLOGIA E NEOTECTÔNICA DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO APODI-MOSSORÓ – NE/BRASIL (geomorphology and neotectonics of the Apodi-Mossoró river basin - NE/Brazil)
Abstract
O presente trabalho propõe analisar a geomorfologia da bacia hidrográfica do rio Apodi-Mossoró, Nordeste do Brasil, bem como seus principais aspectos morfotectônicos. No âmbito desta bacia, a neotectônica é responsável pela reativação de antigas estruturas tectônicas e pela geração de novas falhas, as quais condicionam processos geomorfológicos lineares e areolares. Tais processos são evidenciados principalmente no controle estrutural da drenagem, dissecação, terraceamento, agradação, coluvionamento e em deformações nos depósitos sedimentares quaternários. Na planície do baixo curso do rio Apodi-Mossoró, a análise da deformação neotectônica e suas repercussões na rede de drenagem, possibilitou a identificação de falhas, estruturas de deformação, em sedimentos incoesos, e anomalias de drenagem correlacionáveis com os principais sistemas de falhas regionais. Tais falhas exercem controle na deposição de sedimentos quaternários e possuem direção NE-SW e NW-SE. As mesmas também exercem controle sobre a drenagem produzindo anomalias na forma de cotovelos e segmentos lineares entre trechos sinuosos. Os dados indicam que esta conformação é compatível com os modelos neotectônicos regionais anteriormente propostos, que contemplam deslocamentos transcorrentes resultantes do atual campo de tensões (compressão máxima de direção NW-SE), no qual se insere a área de estudo.
Palavras-chave: Geomorfologia, Neotectônica, Sistema de drenagem.
ABSTRACT
This research proposes an analysis regarding the geomorphology of the Apodi-Mossoró river basin – state of Rio Grande do Norte and its main morphotectonic aspects. In this basin’s scope, neotectonics is responsible for the reactivation of old tectonic structures and generation of new faults, which control linear and areolar geomorphological processes. Such processes are mainly marked in the drainage structural control, erosion and terracing, aggradation and colluvial deposition and in sedimentary deposits’ deformations. In the lowlands, within the Apodi-Mossoró river’s lower course, a neotectonic deformation analysis and its repercussions in the drainage network made it possible to identify faults, deformation structures in incohesive sediment and drainage anomalies, which correlate with the main regional fault systems. These anomalies in the NE-SW and NW-SE directions denote the drainage structural control expressed in the form of drainage elbows and linear segments between sinuous stretches, as well as the control of Quaternary sediment deposition. The data which resulted from this research indicate that this conformation is compatible with the regional neotectonic models previously proposed, witch contemplate strike-slip movements resulting from the present day stress field (α1 NW-SE) in which is inserted the study area.
Key words: Geomorphology, Neotectonics, Drainage system.
RÉSUMÉ
Cet article propose une revue sur la géomorphologie du bassin Apodi-Mossoró, situé au Nordeste du Brésil, ainsi que des ces principaux aspects morphotectoniques. Dans ce bassin, la néotectonique est responsable pour la réactivation d’anciennes structures tectoniques et pour la génération de nouvelles failles, aussi bien que pour la définiton des processus géomorphologiques linéaires et aréolaires. Ces processus sont principalement observés au niveau du contrôle structurel du drainage, de la dissection, du terrassement, de l’alluvionnement, des dépôts colluviaux et de la déformation des dépôts quaternaires. Dans la plaine du cours inférieur de la rivière Apodi-Mossoró, l’analyse de la déformation néotectonique et de son impact sur le système de drainage a permis l’identification des failles et de déformation en structures sédimentaires friables, en plus d´anomalies de drainage en corrélation avec les principaux systèmes de failles régionaux. Ces sytèmes, de direction NE-SW et NW-SE, contrôlent le drainage, tout en produisent des anomalies dans la forme de coudes et des segments linéaires en portions meandriques. Les systèmes contrôlent aussi le dépôt de sédiments quaternaires. Les données indiquent que cette conformation structurelle est compatible avec les modèles précédemment proposés pour la néotectonique régionale, qui comprennent les déplacements transcurrent résultants du champ de stress actuel (direction de compression maximale NW-SE) dans lequel se insère la zone d’étude.
Mots clés: Géomorphologie, Néotectonique, Système de drainage.
DOI: 10.4215/RM2012.1124.0013
Keywords
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