PARQUES URBANOS, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E SUSTENTABILIDADE (urban parks, global politics sustainable development)
Abstract
Este artigo, através de análises teóricas, discute os parques urbanos, seus propósitos e significados como “espaços verdes”. Compreende-os como elementos discursivos no conjunto das práticas espaciais desencadeadas na cidade, cujas justificativas são a melhoria da qualidade ambiental e de vida e a noção de desenvolvimento sustentável, disseminadas pela ONU posteriormente à década de 1970. Esta noção passou a nortear políticas públicas e privadas e apresenta reflexos importantes na produção do espaço urbano. Os parques, como um dos elementos desse discurso, exprimem-se pelos atributos ecológicos que lhes são associados. No entanto, contraditoriamente, apresentam-se como alegorias, simulacros de natureza no espaço e no tempo. Um equipamento urbano que altera a dinâmica da produção, reprodução do espaço e valorização do lugar, e por isso não pode ser compreendido como simples elemento na paisagem.
Palavras-chave: Parques urbanos, Políticas públicas, Desenvolvimento sustentável.
ABSTRACT
This article, through theoretical analysis, presents a discussion about urban parks, its intentions and meanings as “green spaces”. The parks are public equipments presents in the urban space, created with justifications of improvement of the environmental quality and human life quality and the notion of sustainable development, spread by ONU after of the decade of 1970. This notion influences public and private politics and presents important consequences in the production of the urban space. The parks, among the elements here discussed, are seen by the ecological attributes to what they are associated with. But, contradictorily, they are adorns, nature simulations in the space and time. An urban equipment that modifies the dynamics of the production, reproduction of the space and valuation of the place, and therefore cannot be understood as simple element in the landscape.
Key words: Urban parks, Public politics, Sustainable development.
RESUME
Cet article discute les parcs urbains comme des “espaces verts” et son role “discursif” à l’intérieure des pratiques spatiales dans la ville sous l’égide du développement durable. Depuis des années 1970, cette notion disseminé par les Nations Unies domine les politiques publiques et privées et provoque des conséquences importantes pour la production de l’espace urbain. Assimilés comme des espaces écologiques, les parcs ils sont aussi des “alégories”, “simulacres” de la nature dans le système capitaliste. On veut discuter cette contradiction.
Mots-clés: Parcs urbains, Politiques publiques, Dévellopement durable.
Keywords
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