THE RIVERS, THE CITY AND THE MAP AS OBJECT OF LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS ANALYSIS
Abstract
Historical cartography has been increasingly important in understanding the landscape transformations, especially in the urban environment where different historical records are used. The present work aims at identifying and comparing, from historical and current records, the changes occurred in the three main rivers that cut the genesis area of the city of Petrópolis (Quitandinha, Palatino and Piabanha). The main research material consists of the Koeler Map (1846), a document that guides the urban planning of the city of Petrópolis, which was designed in line with the drainage network, produced in a 1: 5,000 scale and the most recent cartographic base of the city (1999) in scale 1: 10,000. The georeferencing and vectorization of the Koeler Map made it possible to perform different measurements, such as river width and winding. Later, the same procedures were performed on the most recent cartographic base of the city, in order to create comparative parameters for changes in the course of the rivers and their floods. The results show the suppression of four river islands and a decrease of sinuosity of the rivers with a variation of +0.575% to -2.436%. In the Quitandinha river were recorded the biggest changes and the largest flood record (97%), indicating that changes in the drainage network are significant elements in understanding flood dynamics.
Keywords: Landscape change. Drainage network. Koeler Map. Historical GIS.
Keywords: Landscape change. Drainage network. Koeler Map. Historical GIS.
References
AMBROZIO, J. C. G. O território da enfteuse e a Cidade de Petrópolis – RJ, Brasil. Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, vol. XVI, 418 (39), p.1-7, 2012
ANTUNES, F. S. Geotecnologias e cartografia histórica no auxílio à análise da organização espacial da área gênese de Petrópolis - RJ. Dissertação de mestrado, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.
BLASCHKE, T.; HAY, G.J.; KELLY, M.; LANG, S.; HOFMANN, P.; ADDINK, E.; FEITOSA, R.Q.; MEER, F.V.D.; WERFF, H.V.D.; COILLIE, F.V.; TIEDE, D. Geographic object-based image analysis–towards a new paradigm. ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing. Vol. 87, pp. 180-191, 2014.
BRASIL. Decreto n. 89.817, de 20 de jun. de 1984. Instruções Reguladoras das Normas Técnicas da Cartografia Nacional. Diário Oficial da União, Seção 1, 22/6/1984, 1984, Página 8884.
CHRISTOFOLETTI, A. Geomorfologia Fluvial. Edgard Blucher. São Paulo, 1981.
DUNNE, T.; LEOPOLD, L. B. Water in Environmental Planning. W. H. Freeman. New York, 1978.
LEOPOLD, L.B. AND WOLMAN, M.G. River Channel Patterns, Braided, Meandering and Straight. U.S. Geol. Surv. Paper. 1957, 282-B.
LEOPOLD, L.B., WOLMAN, M.G. AND MILLER, J.P. Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology. Freeman, San Francisco, 1964, 522 p.
FERNANDES, M.C., LAETA, T., SANTOS, D.F. AND MENEZES, P.M.L. Cartographic Memory Preservation of the Petrópolis City in Brazil: Koeler Map Scanning Using Photographic Survey. In: Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography.1 ed.: Springer International Publishing, 2017, p. 3-19.
IBGE - Fundação IBGE. Manual técnico de geomorfologia. Coordenação de Recursos Naturais e Estudos Ambientais. Série Manuais Técnicos em Geociências n.5. IBGE. Rio de Janeiro, 2009.
NEVES, F.M.B; ZANATTA, E.M. Traços de Koeler: a origem de Petrópolis a partir da Planta de 1846. Globomídia Comunicação, 1ª Ed., 235 p., 2016.
PAULA BUARQUE, A. História e Historiographos da Cidade de Petrópolis. Rio de Janeiro: O Livro Vermelho dos Telefones, 1940.
RABAÇO, H.J. (1985). História de Petrópolis. Petrópolis. Instituto Histórico de Petrópolis - IHP, 140 p., 1985.
SÁ EARP, F. Um pouco além de Thomas Kuhn. Da história do pensamento econômico à história das ideias econômicas. Revista de Economia Política, 16(1), jan/dez, 1996.
SOUZA, B.C.P. A Toponímia como uma forma de resgatar a memória do lugar. Anais do V Simpósio Luso-Brasileiro de Cartografia Histórica, Petrópolis, 2013.
TURNER, M. G. Landscape Ecology: The effect of Pattern on Process. Annual Review of Ecology, 20(1), 1989, 171–197 p.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant MERCATOR the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Free Access).
- Authors are responsible for the content of the manuscript published in the journal.