OROGRAPHY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF THE DESERTIFIED CORE IN INHAMUNS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2023.e22005

Abstract

Analyzing the nucleus of desertification called Inhamuns, located in the state of Ceará - Brazil, it is observed that the relief represented by its orography, behaves as one of the influencing factors of such process. In this article, we seek to understand the role of the relief conditioning the desertification process, based on the analyzis between relief, climate and anthropic influence. For this, a detailed mapping of relief compartmentalization was carried out, the orography was related to the spatialization of centenary rainfall data and to the aridity index represented by 32 years of data, and the degradation levels were verified, between 1991 and 2017, in the main portions of interest. With the results it is verified that, the climate, when interacting with the relief, configures different characteristics on the windward and leeward sides, seen identifications of lower total rainfall and greater aridity in the desertified portion to leeward; anthropic action is present in areas inside and outside the desertification core, with growth in line shapes throughout the study area, given the priority use and occupation, in sectors close to water bodies and river plains; the relief compartments represented by sertaneja depressions 01 and 02 and residual massifs, showed an increase in environmental degradation; the primary factor in which there are fluctuations in your data, between desertified and non-desertified areas, given the presence of relief, it's the climatic. In view of this, it is understandable that, the configuration of the deserted core of Inhamuns, is the result of anthropic action on the effect of the semi-arid climate, downwind of a relief, over the years.

Keywords: DDesertification; Orography; Climate.

Author Biographies

Pedro Ítalo Carvalho Aderaldo, State University of Campinas, Campinas (SP), Brazil.

Geographer graduated from the State University of Ceará. He has specializations in the environmental area, with an emphasis on Management and Sustainable Development. He worked in the coordination / training of interdisciplinary teams during the implementation of Wind Complexes, Substations and Transmission Lines. It presents experiences in Geoprocessing and Field Activities, involving physical, biotic and archaeological aspects. Science in the execution of Environmental Technical Studies and Environmental Licensing. During his master's degree he carried out research in Climatology, focusing on the desertification process. Currently in his doctorate, he conducts research in Geomorphology, on the genesis and spatio-temporal evolution of coastal terraces.

Raul Reis Amorim, State University of Campinas, Campinas (SP), Brazil

Professor Livre Docente (Associate Professor I) in the area of Geography by the Department of Geography at the Institute of Geosciences at UNICAMP. He is the coordinator of the Graduate Program in Geography and was Head of the Department of Geography (DGEO) for two terms at the Institute of Geosciences (IG) at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). He holds a degree in Geography from the State University of Santa Cruz (2005), a Master's in Geography from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)-2007, and a PhD in Geography also from UNICAMP (2011). He completes Postdoctoral Internship at UNICAMP (March / 2015). He was an Adjunct Professor at the Department of Geography of Campos (GRC) at the Fluminense Federal University between March / 2010 and August / 2015, acting as a professor of Physical Geography in the undergraduate and master's courses in Geography. He works in the area of Geography, with emphasis on Physical Geography, working mainly with the following themes: Geosystemic Landscape Analysis, Vulnerability, Susceptibility, Exposure and Resilience to floods; Management of Watersheds with an emphasis on conservation of water, soil and vegetation cover

Jonas Teixeira Nery, State University of Campinas, Campinas (SP), Brazil

Possui graduação em Meteorologia pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (1978) e doutorado em Meteorologia pela Universidade de Buenos Aires (1993).Foi professor adjunto - UNESP - Unidade Diferenciada Ourinhos, professor RDIDP (UNESP) Câmpus Experimental de Ourinhos. É professor colaborador do mestrado e doutorado da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Tem experiência na área de Geociências, com ênfase em Meteorologia Aplicada, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: precipitação, variabilidade, anomalias, enos e bacia. É pesquisador do CNPq (nível 2). 

References

AB'SÁBER, A. N. Sertões e sertanejos: uma geografia humana sofrida. Estudos avançados, v. 13, n. 36, p. 7-59, 1999.

AL-AWADI, J. M.; OMAR, S. A.; MISAK, R. F. Land degradation indicators in Kuwait. Land Degradation and Development [online]. 2005.
Disponível em: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ldr.666/epdf. [Consulta em: 02 de março de 2017].

ANA. Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico. HidroWeb. Disponível em: http://www.snirh.gov.br/hidroweb/apresentacao [Consulta: 02 de fevereiro de 2020]

BERTRAND, Georges. Paisagem e geografia física global. Esboço metodológico. Raega – O Espaço Geográfico em Análise. V.8, 2004. 12p.

BRANDÃO, Ricardo de Lima. Geodiversidade do estado do Ceará. Fortaleza: Edições da CPRM, 2014. 214p.

BRASIL. Programa de ação nacional de combate à desertificação e mitigação dos efeitos da seca: PAN-BRASIL. Edições Ministério do Meio Ambiente / Secretária de Recursos Hídricos. Brasília, DF, 2004. 242p.

CAVALCANTI, I. F. de A.; FERREIRA, N. J.; SILVA, M. G. A. J. da; SILVA DIAS, M. A. F. (Ed.). Tempo e Clima no Brasil. São Paulo: Oficina de Textos, 2009. 463p.

CCGE. Desertificação, degradação da terra e secas no Brasil. Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos Brasília. Brasília 2016. 252p.

CEARÁ. Programa de Ação Estadual de Combate à Desertificação e Mitigação dos Efeitos da Seca, PAE – CE. Brasil: Edições Ministério do Meio Ambiente / Secretaria dos Recursos Hídricos, 2010. 372p.

COGERH. Companhia de Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos - Base cartográfica (mapas) / Versão, 2019. Disponível em: https://www.cogerh.com.br/base-cartografica.html [Consulta: 22 de setembro de 2019].

CONCEIÇÃO, M. A. F., Roteiro de Cálculo da evapotranspiração de referência pelo Método de Penman – Monteith – FAO. Circular Técnica – Bento Gonçalvez – RS. EMBRAPA, 2006.

COSTA, L. R. F. da; MAIA, R. P.; BARRETO, L. L.; SALES, V. C. Geomorfologia do nordeste setentrional brasileiro: Uma proposta de classificação. Revista Brasileira de Geomorfologia. v. 21, nº 1, 2020. 24p.

CPRM. Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais - Mapa Geológico do Estado do Ceará. 2003. Disponível em : http://rigeo.cprm.gov.br/jspui/handle/doc/2355 [Consulta: 21 de setembro de 2019].

FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Forest Resources Assessment 1990. Survey of tropical forest cover and study of change processes. Number 130, Rome. 1996.

FUNCEME. Compartimentação Geoambiental do Estado do Ceará. Fortaleza: Edições da Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos, 2009. 37p.

INMET. Instituo Nacional de Meteorologia – Normais Climatológicas. Disponível em: https://mapas.inmet.gov.br/ [Consulta em: 24 de setembro de 2020].

IRSHAD, M.; INOUE, M.; ASHRAF, M.; DELOWER, H.K.; TSUNEKAWA, A. Land desertification - an emerging threat to environment and food security of Pakistan. Journal of Applied Sciences, 1199-1205p. 2007

LANDIM, P. M. B; STURARO, J. R. Krigagem Indicativa aplicada à elaboração de mapas probabilísticos de riscos. Geomatemática, Texto Didático 6, DGA, IGCE, UNESP/Rio Claro, 2002. 16p.

LINS, C.M.T.; SOUZA, E. R, de.; SOUZA, THAÍS E.M. da S.; PAULINO, M.K.S.S.; MONTEIRO, D.R.; SOUZA JÚNIOR, V.S. de.; DOURADO, P.R.M.; REGO JUNIOR, F.E.D.A.; SILVA, Y.J.A. da.; SCHAFFER, B. Influence of vegetation cover and rainfall intensity on soil attributes in an area undergoing desertification in Brazil, CATENA, v. 221. 2023.

MATALLO JÚNIOR, H; SCHENKEL, C. S. Desertificação. Brasília: UNESCO, 2003. 82p.

MENDONÇA, F.; DANNI-OLIVEIRA, I.M. Climatologia: noções básicas e climas do Brasil / São Paulo: Oficina de Textos, 2007. 208p.

NASCIMENTO, F. R., Degradação Ambiental e Desertificação no Nordeste Brasileiro: o contexto da bacia hidrográfica do rio Acaraú-Ceará. Tese em Geografia – Instituto de Geociência, UFF, Niterói, 2006.

RASTGOO, M.; HASANFARD, A. Desertification in Agricultural Lands: Approaches to Mitigation, Deserts and Desertification. Em: ZHU, Y.; LUO, Q.; LIU, Y. Deserts and Desertification. London. Ed. IntechOpen. 2022.

SALES, V.C.; MAIA, R.P. Morpho-structural aspects of the northern brazilian northeast/aspectos morfoestruturais do nordeste setentrional brasileiro. William Morris Davis - Revista de Geomorfologia, [S. l.], v. 1, n. 2, 36-44p, 2020.

SEVAP. Sistema de Estimativa da Evapotranspiração. Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais. Disponível em: http://www.dca.ufcg.edu.br/download/sevap.htm [Consulta em: 24 de outro de 2020].

SOUZA, M. J. N. de. Bases naturais e esboço do zoneamento geoambiental do Estado do Ceará. Em: LIMA, C.; SOUZA; M. J. N. de; MORAIS, J. O. Compartimentação Territorial e Gestão Regional do Ceará. Fortaleza: Ed. FUNECE, 6-98p, 2000.

UNCCD. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Disponível em: [Consulta em: 04 de abril de 2019].

UNEP. United Nations Environment Programme. World Atlas of Desertfication. Londres: UNEP/Edward Arnold, 1992.

THORNTHWAITE, C. W. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical Review, v.38, p.55-94, 1948.

TOMASELLA, J.; VIEIRA.; R.M.S.P.; BARBOSA, A.A.; RODRIGUEZ, D.A.; SANTANA, M. DE O.; SESTINI, M. F. Desertification trends in the Northeast of Brazil over the period 2000- 2016. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 73, 197-206p, 2018.

UN. United Nations. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015. 2015. Disponíel em: https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda [Consulta: 02 de julho de 2022]

VELÁZQUEZ, A.; DURÁN, E.; RAMÍRES, I. MAS, J. F.; BOCCO, G.; RAMÍRES, G.; PALACIO, J. L. Land use-cover change processes in highly biodiverse areas: the case of Oaxaca, Mexico. Global Environmental Change, v. 13, n. 3, p. 175-184, 2003

VERDUM, R.; QUEVEDO, D; ZANINI, L.S.G; C NDIDO, L.A. Desertificação: questionando as bases conceituais, escalas de análise e consequências. GEOgraphia, Revista da Pós-Graduação em Geografia do Departamento de Geografia da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Niterói, UFF/EGG: 2002. 9p.

VIEIRA, R.M.S.P.; TOMASELLA, J.; ALVALÁ, R.C.S.; SESTINI, M.F.; AFFONSO, A.G.; RODRIGUEZ, D.A.; BARBOSA, A.A.; CUNHA, A.P.M.A.; VALLES, G.F., CREPANI, E.; OLIVEIRA, S.B.P.; SOUZA, M.S.B.; CALIL, P.M.; CARVALHO, M.A.; VALERIANO, D.M.; CAMPELLO, F.C.B.; SANTANA, M.O. Identifying areas susceptible to desertification in the Brazilian northeast. Solid Earth. 347–360p. 2015.

VIEIRA, R.M.S.P.; TOMASELLA, J.; BARBOSA, A.A.; MARTINS, M. A.; RODRIGUEZ, D.A.; REZENDE, F.S.D.; CARRIELLO, F.; SANTANA, M.D.O. Desertification risk assessment in Northeast Brazil: Current trends and future scenarios. Land Degradation & Development. 2020.

ZANELLA, M. E. As características climáticas e os recursos hídricos do Ceará. Em: SILVA, J. B. da; CAVALCANTE, T. C.; DANTAS, E. W. C. CEARÁ: um novo olhar geográfico. Fortaleza: Edições Demócrito Rocha, 169-188p, 2007.

ZONN, I.S.; KUST, G.S.; ANDREEVA, O.V. Desertification paradigm: 40 years of development and global efforts. Arid Ecosyst, v. 7, 131-141p. 2017.
Published
25/04/2023
How to Cite
CARVALHO ADERALDO, Pedro Ítalo; AMORIM, Raul Reis; NERY, Jonas Teixeira. OROGRAPHY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF THE DESERTIFIED CORE IN INHAMUNS. Mercator, Fortaleza, v. 22, apr. 2023. ISSN 1984-2201. Available at: <http://www.mercator.ufc.br/mercator/article/view/e22005>. Date accessed: 22 may 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2023.e22005.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 22 (2023)
Section
ARTICLES
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain the copyright and grant MERCATOR the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are authorized to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Free Access).
  4. Authors are responsible for the content of the manuscript published in the journal.