DIMENSÃO GEOPOLÍTICA DAS INTEGRAÇÕES REGIONAIS (dimension geopolitics of regional integrations)
Abstract
Embora consista em escala apropriada na consideração do devir das relações internacionais, o nível regional (concernente aos grandes conjuntos regionais) é geralmente mal assimilado pela geopolítica. Em época na qual os conflitos abertos perdem espaço, vários fatores favorecem uma redefinição das relações entre o Estado-nação tradicional e a comunidade internacional. Em quadro carcaterizado por redefinição dos atributos de «potência», os reagrupamentos regionais são mais adequados à manutenção dos equilíbrios ecológicos e humanos, lidando melhor com os territórios e os bens coletivos. Os problemas de assimetria entre os países podem suscitar debate no seio dos reagrupamentos. Por outro lado, impossível torna-se desconsiderar os problemas de defesa, a retomar papel de destaque. No entanto, o autor sustenta que a afirmação de agrupamentos regionais contribui para a implementação de um mundo multipolar mais seguro, a permitir resolução dos graves problemas sociais persistentes na contemporaneiade.
Palavras-chave: Geopolítica, agrupamentos regionais, relações internacionais.
ABSTRACT
Regional power – constituted by large regional groupings – is generally misunderstood by geopolitics, not with standing the fact that this is a most relevant scale to consider the future of international relations. In effect, many factors take part in the redifinition of relations between the traditional nation state and the international community, at a juncture where open conflicts are receding. With the redifinition of the attributes of “power”, the regional associations are better equipped to preserve ecological and human equilibria because they much better take into account territories and common goods. Inside the associations the problems of symmetry and asymmetry can be elements of recurrent debate. On the other side it is imposible to discard entirely the problems of defense which could be back at any time. However the Author sustains that the solidification of regional groupings may contribute to the arrival of a mutipolar and safer world, which could solve the serious social problems of the day.
Key words: Geopolitics, regional groupings, international relations.
RÉSUMÉ
Le niveau régional (au sens des grands ensembles régionaux) est souvent mal appréhendé par la géopolitique. Pourtant il s’agit d’une échelle pertinente pour considérer l’avenir des relations internationales. En effet beaucoup de facteurs jouent en faveur d’une redéfinition des liens entre l’État - nation traditionnel et la communauté internationale à une époque où les conflits ouverts cèdent du terrain. Dans le cadre d’une redéfinition des attributs de la « puissance », les regroupements régionaux sont mieux à même de préserver les équilibres écologiques et humains parce qu’ils tiennent mieux compte des territoires et des biens collectifs. Les problèmes d’asymétries entre les pays peuvent faire débat à l’intérieur des regroupements. Par ailleurs, il est impossible d’écarter définitivement les enjeux de défense, qui peuvent revenir sur le devant de la scène. Cependant l’Auteur soutient que l’affirmation de groupements régionaux peut contribuer à la réalisation d’un monde multipolaire plus sûr, qui permettrait de régler les graves problèmes sociaux qui persistent aujourd’hui.
Mots-clés: Géopolitique, groupements régionaux, relations internationales.
DOI: 10.4215/RM2010.0919.0001
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